Tier A

Whey Protein (WPC · WPI · WPH · Native)

Also known as: Whey protein concentrate · Whey protein isolate · Whey protein hydrolysate

39 PMID anchor · MUSCULO · METABOLISM · ENDO · Last reviewed 2026-05-31

Mechanism of action

  • mTORC1 activation
  • Leucine triggering of MPS
  • GLP-1/GIP incretin response
  • Rapid amino acid delivery

Molecular + tissue targets

  • Skeletal muscle protein synthesis
  • Incretin axis
  • Glycemic regulation

Dosage range

20-40 g/serving (Macnaughton 2016 RCT 40 g optimal whole-body MPS); daily protein target 1.2-1.6 g/kg/day (Morton 2018 meta)

Safety notes

Lactose intolerance in WPC · acid-ash dietary debunked (Fenton 2009) · healthy-kidney rebuttal (Devries 2018 meta)

Cross-market regulatory status

🇺🇸 FDA

GRAS · food ingredient · DSHEA dietary supplement

🇪🇺 EFSA

Authorized claim for protein contribution to muscle mass + bone health

🇧🇷 ANVISA

RDC 243/2018 dietary supplement · IN 28/2018 Anexo V alegação funcional verbatim: "As proteínas auxiliam na formação dos músculos e ossos." (Anexo III ≥ 8,4 g/dia adultos ≥ 19 anos · Anexo VII proteína de referência AAE/g)

Authorized claims · verbatim (4)

Direct quotes from each jurisdiction's framework · never paraphrased · with framework reference and conditions of use.

🇪🇺 EFSA · 3 claims

Reg 432/2012

Protein contributes to a growth in muscle mass.

Conditions: Reg 1924/2006 art 10(2) + Annex: claim may only be used for food which is at least a "source of protein" — ≥ 12% of energy value provided by protein; "high protein" — ≥ 20% of energy value provided by protein

Authorized 2012

Reg 432/2012

Protein contributes to the maintenance of muscle mass.

Conditions: Reg 1924/2006 art 10(2) + Annex: claim may only be used for food which is at least a "source of protein" — ≥ 12% of energy value provided by protein; "high protein" — ≥ 20% of energy value provided by protein

Authorized 2012

Reg 432/2012

Protein contributes to the maintenance of normal bones.

Conditions: Reg 1924/2006 art 10(2) + Annex: claim may only be used for food which is at least a "source of protein" — ≥ 12% of energy value provided by protein; "high protein" — ≥ 20% of energy value provided by protein

Authorized 2012

🇧🇷 ANVISA · 1 claim

IN 28/2018 Anexo V alegação funcional

As proteínas auxiliam na formação dos músculos e ossos.

Conditions: IN 28/2018 Anexo V: alegação restrita aos suplementos cuja: a) quantidade de proteína atenda aos valores mínimos do Anexo III (≥ 8,4 g/dia adultos ≥ 19 anos · 7,8 g 9-18 anos · 2,85 g 4-8 anos · NA para 0-3 anos · 10,65 g gestantes/lactantes); b) quantidade de aminoácidos essenciais por grama de proteína atenda aos valores mínimos para a proteína de referência (Anexo VII)

Authorized 2018

Common use cases

  • muscle protein synthesis
  • sarcopenia prevention
  • GLP-1 companion adequacy
  • recovery
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