{
  "slug": "tart-cherry",
  "name": "Tart Cherry (Prunus cerasus L., Montmorency)",
  "alternate_names": [
    "Prunus cerasus",
    "Montmorency cherry",
    "Sour cherry",
    "Vistula tart cherry"
  ],
  "mechanism": [
    "NF-κB signaling inhibition",
    "Free-radical scavenging (anthocyanin antioxidants)",
    "COX-2 inhibition",
    "Melatonin-mediated circadian signaling"
  ],
  "target": [
    "NF-κB",
    "COX-2",
    "IL-6",
    "CRP (inflammatory marker)",
    "Serum uric acid",
    "Melatonin receptors"
  ],
  "use_case": [
    "exercise recovery / DOMS markers",
    "joint comfort",
    "sleep quality",
    "uric acid maintenance",
    "cardiometabolic markers",
    "antioxidant defense"
  ],
  "body_system": [
    "MUSCULO",
    "SLEEP",
    "IMMUNE",
    "CARDIO",
    "METABOLISM"
  ],
  "evidence_tier": "A",
  "evidence_anchor_pmid_count": 65,
  "evidence_breakdown": {
    "meta_sr": 9,
    "human_rct": 35,
    "total_indexed": 65
  },
  "dosage_range": "Concentrate 30 mL twice daily (or diluted juice 240 mL twice daily); freeze-dried powder ~480-500 mg/day. Recovery protocols typically dose 4-5 days pre- through 2-3 days post-exercise; sleep studies dose ~1-2 h before bed (educational reference, not a directive).",
  "safety_notes": "Food-grade botanical, no established upper limit. Mild GI effects (bloating, loose stools) reported. Concentrate is sugar-dense (~25 g sugar / 30 mL) — relevant for blood-glucose management. Theoretical weak interaction with anticoagulants (e.g. warfarin); naturally-occurring melatonin may be additive with melatonin supplements. Caution with fructose intolerance. No adequate pregnancy/lactation safety data — consult a healthcare provider.",
  "regulatory": {
    "fda": "Conventional food / GRAS food ingredient; lawful as a dietary supplement ingredient under DSHEA. Structure/function claims only with mandatory FDA disclaimer. No FDA-authorized health claim.",
    "efsa": "Traditional food (not a Novel Food). NO EFSA-authorized health claim under Reg 432/2012 — no efficacy claim may be made in the EU.",
    "anvisa": "Food / fruit-juice ingredient under ANVISA; lawfully marketable with no special restriction. No authorized functional claim for tart cherry as such."
  },
  "regulatory_markets": [
    {
      "market": "US",
      "status": "GRAS",
      "tier": "permitted"
    },
    {
      "market": "EU",
      "status": "Authorized claim",
      "tier": "authorized"
    },
    {
      "market": "CN",
      "status": "Supplement (CBEC)",
      "tier": "permitted"
    },
    {
      "market": "BR",
      "status": "ANVISA supplement",
      "tier": "permitted"
    }
  ],
  "ingredient_hub_url": "https://asxan.ai/ingredients/tart-cherry/",
  "related_goal_slugs": [],
  "related_lifestyle_slugs": [],
  "last_evidence_review": "2026-06-27",
  "schema_version": "nc-public-v0.2",
  "api_version": "nc-public-v0.3",
  "_meta": {
    "last_evidence_review": "2026-06-27",
    "ip_axes_disclosed": {
      "public_axes": [
        "mechanism",
        "target",
        "use_case",
        "body_system",
        "evidence_tier",
        "dosage_range",
        "safety_notes",
        "regulatory",
        "authorized_claims"
      ],
      "ip_axes_not_exposed": [
        "proprietary_formula_ratios",
        "clinical_protocol_internals",
        "proprietary_research_compounds",
        "supplier_specific_grade_specifications",
        "unpublished_endpoint_data"
      ],
      "rationale": "asxan.ai surfaces the educational, evidence-tier-disclosed slice. Formula composition and clinical-protocol internals are intentionally outside this public surface."
    }
  }
}