{
  "slug": "reishi",
  "name": "Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum)",
  "alternate_names": [
    "Ganoderma lucidum",
    "Lingzhi",
    "Reishi mushroom"
  ],
  "mechanism": [
    "Ganoderma polysaccharides (β-glucan) activate innate immune cells (macrophages / NK cells / dendritic cells) — studied via TLR4 signaling",
    "Ganoderic acids (triterpenoids) studied for antioxidant / anti-inflammatory activity (NF-κB modulation in research models)",
    "Modulation of T-lymphocyte subsets (CD3+/CD4+/CD8+) observed in human trials",
    "Hepatoprotective antioxidant capacity reported in a healthy-volunteer crossover RCT"
  ],
  "target": [
    "Innate immune cells (macrophage / NK / dendritic)",
    "T-lymphocyte subsets (CD4/CD8)",
    "NF-κB (research model)",
    "TLR4 pathway (research model)",
    "Oxidative-stress / antioxidant markers"
  ],
  "use_case": [
    "immune-function modulation (research context · special populations)",
    "antioxidant capacity (research context · single healthy-volunteer RCT)",
    "hepatoprotective antioxidant support (research context)"
  ],
  "body_system": [
    "IMMUNE",
    "LIVER",
    "CELL"
  ],
  "evidence_tier": "B",
  "evidence_anchor_pmid_count": 3,
  "dosage_range": "Reishi extract 1.5-9 g/day (dried-equivalent) or standardized polysaccharide/triterpenoid extract (educational reference · trial doses varied by study)",
  "safety_notes": "Generally well tolerated; isolated reports of GI upset and skin hypersensitivity. Theoretical interaction with anticoagulants (potential additive effect) and immunosuppressants (immune-modulating activity). Spore powder vs fruiting-body extract may follow different regulatory/quality paths. No adequate human data to support claims in pregnancy/lactation; consult a healthcare provider.",
  "regulatory": {
    "fda": "Lawful dietary supplement ingredient (Ganoderma lucidum / Reishi mushroom) · structure/function statements such as immune-support / antioxidant-support permissible (no disease claims)",
    "efsa": "Marketed as a food supplement in most EU member states · NO EFSA-authorized health claim under Reg 432/2012",
    "anvisa": "Permissible under ANVISA food/dietary-supplement framework (RDC 243/2018) · traditional fungus · no specific Anexo V functional claim authorized"
  },
  "authorized_claims": [],
  "ingredient_hub_url": "https://asxan.ai/ingredients/reishi/",
  "related_goal_slugs": [
    "longevity-stack",
    "inflammation-relief"
  ],
  "related_lifestyle_slugs": [
    "senior-60-plus"
  ],
  "last_evidence_review": "2026-06-13",
  "schema_version": "nc-public-v0.2",
  "api_version": "nc-public-v0.3",
  "_meta": {
    "last_evidence_review": "2026-06-13",
    "ip_axes_disclosed": {
      "public_axes": [
        "mechanism",
        "target",
        "use_case",
        "body_system",
        "evidence_tier",
        "dosage_range",
        "safety_notes",
        "regulatory",
        "authorized_claims"
      ],
      "ip_axes_not_exposed": [
        "proprietary_formula_ratios",
        "clinical_protocol_internals",
        "rnd_pipeline_compounds",
        "supplier_specific_grade_specifications",
        "unpublished_endpoint_data"
      ],
      "rationale": "asxan.ai surfaces the educational, evidence-tier-disclosed slice. Formula composition, clinical-protocol internals, and RnD pipeline data are intentionally outside this public surface."
    }
  }
}