{
  "authorized_claims": [
    {
      "market": "FDA",
      "framework_reference": "Qualified Health Claim docket 2003Q-0401",
      "claim_verbatim": "Consumption of EPA and DHA omega-3 fatty acids may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease.",
      "authorization_date": "2004",
      "conditions": "Qualified · supportive but not conclusive research"
    },
    {
      "market": "FDA",
      "framework_reference": "Qualified Health Claim docket 2014Q-0337",
      "claim_verbatim": "Consuming EPA and DHA combined may reduce blood pressure in the general population and reduce the risk of hypertension.",
      "authorization_date": "2019",
      "conditions": "Qualified · supportive but not conclusive research"
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012 + 440/2011",
      "claim_verbatim": "DHA contributes to maintenance of normal brain function (≥ 250 mg/day).",
      "authorization_date": "2012"
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "DHA contributes to maintenance of normal vision (≥ 250 mg/day).",
      "authorization_date": "2012"
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "EPA and DHA contribute to the normal function of the heart (≥ 250 mg/day).",
      "authorization_date": "2012"
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 440/2011",
      "claim_verbatim": "Maternal DHA intake contributes to normal brain development of the foetus and breastfed infants (200 mg/day during pregnancy + lactation).",
      "authorization_date": "2011"
    },
    {
      "market": "ANVISA",
      "framework_reference": "IN 28/2018 alegação funcional",
      "claim_verbatim": "O DHA contribui para o desenvolvimento cerebral e visual do feto e lactentes (200 mg/dia durante gestação e lactação).",
      "authorization_date": "2018"
    }
  ],
  "slug": "omega-3",
  "name": "Omega-3 (EPA/DHA/ALA)",
  "alternate_names": [
    "ω-3",
    "n-3 PUFA",
    "EPA + DHA",
    "Fish oil",
    "Algal oil"
  ],
  "mechanism": [
    "Cell membrane phospholipid integration",
    "SPM (Resolvins/Protectins/Maresins) biosynthesis",
    "Arachidonic acid competition",
    "NF-κB suppression",
    "GPR120/FFAR4 activation",
    "PPAR-α activation"
  ],
  "target": [
    "Cell membranes",
    "Eicosanoid synthesis pathway",
    "Lipid metabolism",
    "BDNF / cognitive markers"
  ],
  "use_case": [
    "cardiovascular health",
    "cognitive support",
    "inflammation markers",
    "pregnancy DHA adequacy"
  ],
  "body_system": [
    "CARDIO",
    "CNS",
    "IMMUNE",
    "REPRO",
    "VISION"
  ],
  "evidence_tier": "A",
  "evidence_anchor_pmid_count": 66,
  "evidence_long_form_url": "https://asxan.ai/blog/omega-3-evidence-history-cardiovascular-and-inflammation/",
  "dosage_range": "EPA+DHA 1-4 g/day (general adult); REDUCE-IT high-risk CVD pure EPA 4 g/day prescription (Vascepa)",
  "safety_notes": "Atrial fibrillation risk at high-dose mixed EPA+DHA (STRENGTH); bleeding risk theoretical with anticoagulants",
  "regulatory": {
    "fda": "GRAS · 1 qualified health claim (EPA+DHA + coronary heart disease · docket 2003Q-0401) · 1 qualified health claim (EPA+DHA + blood pressure · docket 2014Q-0337)",
    "efsa": "Authorized claims for DHA brain function, vision, cardiovascular",
    "anvisa": "RDC 243/2018 dietary supplement · IN 28/2018 authorized claim for DHA infant brain"
  },
  "ingredient_hub_url": "https://asxan.ai/ingredients/omega-3/",
  "related_goal_slugs": [
    "heart-health",
    "cognitive-support",
    "longevity-stack",
    "inflammation-relief"
  ],
  "related_lifestyle_slugs": [
    "senior-60-plus",
    "pregnancy",
    "plant-based"
  ],
  "last_evidence_review": "2026-05-24",
  "schema_version": "nc-public-v0.1"
}