{
  "slug": "niacinamide",
  "name": "Niacinamide (Nicotinamide · Vitamin B3 amide form)",
  "alternate_names": [
    "Nicotinamide",
    "Vitamin B3 (amide form)",
    "Nicotinic Acid Amide",
    "Vitamin PP (amide form)"
  ],
  "mechanism": [
    "NAD+ salvage substrate",
    "PARP inhibition (high dose)",
    "Sirtuin modulation",
    "Topical skin barrier support"
  ],
  "target": [
    "NAD+ pool",
    "PARP1/2",
    "Skin keratinocytes"
  ],
  "use_case": [
    "NAD+ precursor",
    "topical skin appearance",
    "pellagra treatment (historical)"
  ],
  "body_system": [
    "SKIN",
    "METABOLISM",
    "MITO"
  ],
  "evidence_tier": "C",
  "evidence_anchor_pmid_count": 2,
  "evidence_anchors": [
    {
      "pmid": "34882669",
      "title": "Pathophysiology and clinical management of pellagra - a review",
      "authors": [
        "Hołubiec P",
        "Leończyk M",
        "Staszewski F"
      ],
      "year": "2021",
      "journal": "Folia Med Cracov",
      "pub_type": "Review",
      "outcome_tag": "review",
      "role_note": "Pellagra clinical management review · \"therapy is causal and based on administering niacinamide\" verbatim · verified 2026-06-07 · official PDF https://www.journals.pan.pl/Content/122089/PDF/2021-03-FMC-09-Halubiec.pdf"
    },
    {
      "pmid": "34439563",
      "title": "Mechanistic Basis and Clinical Evidence for the Applications of Nicotinamide (Niacinamide) to Control Skin Aging and Pigmentation",
      "authors": [
        "Boo YC"
      ],
      "year": "2021",
      "journal": "Antioxidants (Basel)",
      "pub_type": "Review",
      "outcome_tag": "review",
      "role_note": "Mechanistic + clinical evidence niacinamide for skin aging/pigmentation · also covers B3 deficiency causes pellagra context + B3 supports NAD+ coenzymes · verified 2026-06-07 · official MDPI https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/8/1315"
    }
  ],
  "dosage_range": "14-18 mg/day RDA (B3 deficiency prevention) · 500-1500 mg/day NAD+ precursor (Tier C · caution hepatotoxicity > 3 g/day) · 5% topical (Bissett 2005 PMID 16029679 skin RCT)",
  "safety_notes": "Hepatotoxicity reported at sustained > 3 g/day systemic intake (UL guidance threshold) · pregnancy generally safe at RDA · topical 5% well-tolerated in 12-week trial",
  "regulatory": {
    "fda": "GRAS (vitamin B3 amide form)",
    "efsa": "Reg 432/2012 authorized health claims · 6 niacin claims (vitamin B3 family)",
    "anvisa": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V \"niacina\" · 4 functional claims (pele · mucosas · metabolismo energético · metabolismo de proteínas/carboidratos/gorduras) · threshold ≥ 2.4 mg/dia adultos ≥ 19 anos per Anexo III"
  },
  "authorized_claims": [
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012 Annex · authorized health claim · EFSA Journal 2009;7(9):1224",
      "claim_verbatim": "Niacin contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "Food must be at least a source of niacin per Reg 1924/2006 nutrition claim \"SOURCE OF [VITAMIN/S]\" threshold (15% of NRV per 100 g/ml or per portion; niacin NRV = 16 mg)"
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012 Annex · authorized health claim · EFSA Journal 2009;7(9):1224",
      "claim_verbatim": "Niacin contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "Food must be at least a source of niacin per Reg 1924/2006 nutrition claim threshold (15% of NRV per 100 g/ml or per portion)"
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012 Annex · authorized health claim · EFSA Journal 2010;8(10):1757",
      "claim_verbatim": "Niacin contributes to normal psychological function",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "Food must be at least a source of niacin per Reg 1924/2006 nutrition claim threshold"
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012 Annex · authorized health claim · EFSA Journal 2009;7(9):1224",
      "claim_verbatim": "Niacin contributes to the maintenance of normal mucous membranes",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "Food must be at least a source of niacin per Reg 1924/2006 nutrition claim threshold"
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012 Annex · authorized health claim · EFSA Journal 2009;7(9):1224 + 2010;8(10):1757",
      "claim_verbatim": "Niacin contributes to the maintenance of normal skin",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "Food must be at least a source of niacin per Reg 1924/2006 nutrition claim threshold"
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012 Annex · authorized health claim · EFSA Journal 2010;8(10):1757",
      "claim_verbatim": "Niacin contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "Food must be at least a source of niacin per Reg 1924/2006 nutrition claim threshold"
    },
    {
      "market": "ANVISA",
      "framework_reference": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V · alegação funcional autorizada",
      "claim_verbatim": "A niacina auxilia no metabolismo energético.",
      "authorization_date": "2018",
      "conditions": "Alegação restrita aos suplementos alimentares cuja quantidade de niacina atenda aos valores mínimos estabelecidos no Anexo III (≥ 2.4 mg/dia adultos ≥ 19 anos)"
    },
    {
      "market": "ANVISA",
      "framework_reference": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V · alegação funcional autorizada",
      "claim_verbatim": "A niacina auxilia no metabolismo de proteínas, carboidratos e gorduras.",
      "authorization_date": "2018",
      "conditions": "Alegação restrita aos suplementos alimentares cuja quantidade de niacina atenda aos valores mínimos estabelecidos no Anexo III (≥ 2.4 mg/dia adultos ≥ 19 anos)"
    },
    {
      "market": "ANVISA",
      "framework_reference": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V · alegação funcional autorizada",
      "claim_verbatim": "A niacina contribui para a manutenção da pele.",
      "authorization_date": "2018",
      "conditions": "Alegação restrita aos suplementos alimentares cuja quantidade de niacina atenda aos valores mínimos estabelecidos no Anexo III (≥ 2.4 mg/dia adultos ≥ 19 anos)"
    },
    {
      "market": "ANVISA",
      "framework_reference": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V · alegação funcional autorizada",
      "claim_verbatim": "A niacina auxilia na manutenção de mucosas.",
      "authorization_date": "2018",
      "conditions": "Alegação restrita aos suplementos alimentares cuja quantidade de niacina atenda aos valores mínimos estabelecidos no Anexo III (≥ 2.4 mg/dia adultos ≥ 19 anos)"
    }
  ],
  "ingredient_hub_url": "https://asxan.ai/ingredients/niacinamide/",
  "related_goal_slugs": [
    "skin-beauty",
    "longevity-stack"
  ],
  "related_lifestyle_slugs": [
    "senior-60-plus"
  ],
  "last_evidence_review": "2026-06-08",
  "schema_version": "nc-public-v0.3",
  "api_version": "nc-public-v0.3",
  "_meta": {
    "last_evidence_review": "2026-06-08",
    "ip_axes_disclosed": {
      "public_axes": [
        "mechanism",
        "target",
        "use_case",
        "body_system",
        "evidence_tier",
        "dosage_range",
        "safety_notes",
        "regulatory",
        "authorized_claims"
      ],
      "ip_axes_not_exposed": [
        "proprietary_formula_ratios",
        "clinical_protocol_internals",
        "rnd_pipeline_compounds",
        "supplier_specific_grade_specifications",
        "unpublished_endpoint_data"
      ],
      "rationale": "asxan.ai surfaces the educational, evidence-tier-disclosed slice. Formula composition, clinical-protocol internals, and RnD pipeline data are intentionally outside this public surface."
    }
  }
}