{
  "authorized_claims": [
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "Magnesium contributes to a reduction of tiredness and fatigue",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "The claim may be used only for food which is at least a source of magnesium as referred to in the claim SOURCE OF [NAME OF VITAMIN/S] AND/OR [NAME OF MINERAL/S] as listed in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006."
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "Magnesium contributes to electrolyte balance",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "The claim may be used only for food which is at least a source of magnesium as referred to in the claim SOURCE OF [NAME OF VITAMIN/S] AND/OR [NAME OF MINERAL/S] as listed in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006."
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "Magnesium contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "The claim may be used only for food which is at least a source of magnesium as referred to in the claim SOURCE OF [NAME OF VITAMIN/S] AND/OR [NAME OF MINERAL/S] as listed in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006."
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "Magnesium contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "The claim may be used only for food which is at least a source of magnesium as referred to in the claim SOURCE OF [NAME OF VITAMIN/S] AND/OR [NAME OF MINERAL/S] as listed in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006."
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "Magnesium contributes to normal muscle function",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "The claim may be used only for food which is at least a source of magnesium as referred to in the claim SOURCE OF [NAME OF VITAMIN/S] AND/OR [NAME OF MINERAL/S] as listed in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006."
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "Magnesium contributes to normal protein synthesis",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "The claim may be used only for food which is at least a source of magnesium as referred to in the claim SOURCE OF [NAME OF VITAMIN/S] AND/OR [NAME OF MINERAL/S] as listed in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006."
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "Magnesium contributes to normal psychological function",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "The claim may be used only for food which is at least a source of magnesium as referred to in the claim SOURCE OF [NAME OF VITAMIN/S] AND/OR [NAME OF MINERAL/S] as listed in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006."
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "Magnesium contributes to the maintenance of normal bones",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "The claim may be used only for food which is at least a source of magnesium as referred to in the claim SOURCE OF [NAME OF VITAMIN/S] AND/OR [NAME OF MINERAL/S] as listed in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006."
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "Magnesium contributes to the maintenance of normal teeth",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "The claim may be used only for food which is at least a source of magnesium as referred to in the claim SOURCE OF [NAME OF VITAMIN/S] AND/OR [NAME OF MINERAL/S] as listed in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006."
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "Magnesium has a role in the process of cell division",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "The claim may be used only for food which is at least a source of magnesium as referred to in the claim SOURCE OF [NAME OF VITAMIN/S] AND/OR [NAME OF MINERAL/S] as listed in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006."
    },
    {
      "market": "ANVISA",
      "framework_reference": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V alegação funcional",
      "claim_verbatim": "O magnésio auxilia na formação de ossos e dentes.",
      "authorization_date": "2018",
      "conditions": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V: alegação restrita aos suplementos alimentares cuja quantidade de magnésio atenda aos valores mínimos estabelecidos no Anexo III desta Instrução Normativa."
    },
    {
      "market": "ANVISA",
      "framework_reference": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V alegação funcional",
      "claim_verbatim": "O magnésio auxilia no metabolismo energético.",
      "authorization_date": "2018",
      "conditions": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V: alegação restrita aos suplementos alimentares cuja quantidade de magnésio atenda aos valores mínimos estabelecidos no Anexo III desta Instrução Normativa."
    },
    {
      "market": "ANVISA",
      "framework_reference": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V alegação funcional",
      "claim_verbatim": "O magnésio auxilia no metabolismo de proteínas, carboidratos e gorduras.",
      "authorization_date": "2018",
      "conditions": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V: alegação restrita aos suplementos alimentares cuja quantidade de magnésio atenda aos valores mínimos estabelecidos no Anexo III desta Instrução Normativa."
    },
    {
      "market": "ANVISA",
      "framework_reference": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V alegação funcional",
      "claim_verbatim": "O magnésio auxilia no equilíbrio dos eletrólitos.",
      "authorization_date": "2018",
      "conditions": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V: alegação restrita aos suplementos alimentares cuja quantidade de magnésio atenda aos valores mínimos estabelecidos no Anexo III desta Instrução Normativa."
    },
    {
      "market": "ANVISA",
      "framework_reference": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V alegação funcional",
      "claim_verbatim": "O magnésio auxilia no funcionamento muscular.",
      "authorization_date": "2018",
      "conditions": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V: alegação restrita aos suplementos alimentares cuja quantidade de magnésio atenda aos valores mínimos estabelecidos no Anexo III desta Instrução Normativa."
    },
    {
      "market": "ANVISA",
      "framework_reference": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V alegação funcional",
      "claim_verbatim": "O magnésio auxilia no funcionamento neuromuscular.",
      "authorization_date": "2018",
      "conditions": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V: alegação restrita aos suplementos alimentares cuja quantidade de magnésio atenda aos valores mínimos estabelecidos no Anexo III desta Instrução Normativa."
    },
    {
      "market": "ANVISA",
      "framework_reference": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V alegação funcional",
      "claim_verbatim": "O magnésio auxilia no processo de divisão celular.",
      "authorization_date": "2018",
      "conditions": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V: alegação restrita aos suplementos alimentares cuja quantidade de magnésio atenda aos valores mínimos estabelecidos no Anexo III desta Instrução Normativa."
    }
  ],
  "slug": "magnesium",
  "name": "Magnesium (glycinate · citrate · L-threonate · oxide)",
  "alternate_names": [
    "Mg2+",
    "Magnesium bisglycinate",
    "Magnesium citrate",
    "Magnesium L-threonate",
    "Magnesium oxide"
  ],
  "mechanism": [
    ">300 enzymatic cofactor (kinases · ATP-Mg complex)",
    "NMDA receptor voltage-gating",
    "GABA-A receptor positive modulation",
    "Calcium-channel antagonism in vascular smooth muscle"
  ],
  "target": [
    "Neuromuscular junction",
    "Vascular endothelium",
    "Bone matrix",
    "Glycemic regulation"
  ],
  "use_case": [
    "sleep quality (research context)",
    "muscle cramp relief",
    "blood pressure support (mild)",
    "glycemic regulation adjunct"
  ],
  "body_system": [
    "CNS",
    "MUSCULO",
    "CARDIO",
    "METABOLISM",
    "ENDO"
  ],
  "evidence_tier": "A",
  "evidence_anchor_pmid_count": 45,
  "dosage_range": "RDA 310-420 mg/day; supplemental 200-400 mg/day elemental Mg; UL 350 mg/day from supplements (FNB · diarrhea threshold)",
  "safety_notes": "Diarrhea at supplemental > 350 mg/day (oxide/citrate forms · less common with glycinate); renal impairment risk for accumulation; theoretical interaction with bisphosphonates/quinolones (separate 2h)",
  "regulatory": {
    "fda": "GRAS · authorized nutrient content claim \"high in magnesium\" (≥20% DV)",
    "efsa": "Authorized claims for magnesium contribution to muscle function, nervous system, bone, electrolyte balance",
    "anvisa": "RDC 243/2018 dietary supplement · IN 28/2018 Anexo V 7 alegações funcionais (formação ossos+dentes · metabolismo energético · metabolismo proteínas/carboidratos/gorduras · equilíbrio eletrolítico · funcionamento muscular · funcionamento neuromuscular · divisão celular) · Anexo III ≥ 63 mg/dia adultos ≥ 19 anos · gestantes 60 mg/dia"
  },
  "ingredient_hub_url": "https://asxan.ai/ingredients/magnesium/",
  "related_goal_slugs": [
    "heart-health",
    "joint-bone",
    "cognitive-support",
    "menopause-support"
  ],
  "related_lifestyle_slugs": [
    "senior-60-plus",
    "high-stress",
    "menopause",
    "athletic-performance"
  ],
  "last_evidence_review": "2026-06-04",
  "schema_version": "nc-public-v0.2",
  "api_version": "nc-public-v0.3",
  "_meta": {
    "last_evidence_review": "2026-06-04",
    "ip_axes_disclosed": {
      "public_axes": [
        "mechanism",
        "target",
        "use_case",
        "body_system",
        "evidence_tier",
        "dosage_range",
        "safety_notes",
        "regulatory",
        "authorized_claims"
      ],
      "ip_axes_not_exposed": [
        "proprietary_formula_ratios",
        "clinical_protocol_internals",
        "rnd_pipeline_compounds",
        "supplier_specific_grade_specifications",
        "unpublished_endpoint_data"
      ],
      "rationale": "asxan.ai surfaces the educational, evidence-tier-disclosed slice. Formula composition, clinical-protocol internals, and RnD pipeline data are intentionally outside this public surface."
    }
  }
}