{
  "slug": "lions-mane",
  "name": "Lion's Mane (Hericium erinaceus)",
  "alternate_names": [
    "Hericium erinaceus",
    "Yamabushitake",
    "Lion's Mane Mushroom",
    "Hericenones",
    "Erinacines"
  ],
  "mechanism": [
    "Hericenones (fruiting-body) and erinacines (mycelium) induce NGF synthesis in vitro / animal models (mechanistic, not validated in living humans)",
    "BDNF / CREB signaling in cell models",
    "beta-glucan / polysaccharide immunomodulation (mostly preclinical)"
  ],
  "target": [
    "NGF synthesis (indirect)",
    "BDNF / CREB pathway",
    "beta-glucan immune signaling",
    "NF-kB pathway"
  ],
  "use_case": [
    "cognitive / memory test performance (research-context · small RCTs)",
    "stress and mood scales (research-context · small RCTs)",
    "immune-support markers (research-context · preclinical)"
  ],
  "body_system": [
    "NEURO",
    "MOOD",
    "IMMUNE",
    "GUT"
  ],
  "evidence_tier": "B",
  "evidence_anchor_pmid_count": 3,
  "dosage_range": "500-3000 mg/day fruiting-body powder or standardized extract (3000 mg/day x 16 wk for cognition in MCI; ~2000 mg/day x 4 wk for mood; ~1.8 g single dose for acute cognition). Fruiting-body (hericenone-rich) and mycelium (erinacine-rich) are not interchangeable. Educational reference, not a dosing recommendation.",
  "safety_notes": "Well tolerated in small completed RCTs (no serious adverse events; mild GI discomfort). Contraindicated in mushroom/fungus allergy. Human evidence limited (largest cognitive RCT n=30, short durations) so strong-effect framing is unsupported. Fruiting-body and mycelium profiles differ; standardization inconsistent. Pregnancy/lactation data limited. Not a treatment for Alzheimer disease, dementia, depression, anxiety, cancer or any neurodegenerative disease.",
  "regulatory": {
    "fda": "DSHEA dietary supplement (extract/powder). GRN 1124 (H. erinaceus beta-glucans) was self-withdrawn by the notifier 2023 (NOT an FDA no-questions GRAS letter and NOT a rejection). Structure/function claims only with mandatory disclaimer",
    "efsa": "No EFSA authorized health claim on record. Marketable as a food supplement in some member states under national rules; beta-glucan immune claims generally rejected at EU level",
    "anvisa": "Fungal extracts assessed case-by-case (RDC 243/2018 / IN 28/2018); no specific authorized functional claim — status pending case evaluation"
  },
  "authorized_claims": [],
  "ingredient_hub_url": "https://asxan.ai/ingredients/lions-mane/",
  "related_goal_slugs": [
    "cognitive-support"
  ],
  "related_lifestyle_slugs": [
    "high-stress",
    "senior-60-plus"
  ],
  "last_evidence_review": "2026-06-13",
  "schema_version": "nc-public-v0.2",
  "api_version": "nc-public-v0.3",
  "_meta": {
    "last_evidence_review": "2026-06-13",
    "ip_axes_disclosed": {
      "public_axes": [
        "mechanism",
        "target",
        "use_case",
        "body_system",
        "evidence_tier",
        "dosage_range",
        "safety_notes",
        "regulatory",
        "authorized_claims"
      ],
      "ip_axes_not_exposed": [
        "proprietary_formula_ratios",
        "clinical_protocol_internals",
        "rnd_pipeline_compounds",
        "supplier_specific_grade_specifications",
        "unpublished_endpoint_data"
      ],
      "rationale": "asxan.ai surfaces the educational, evidence-tier-disclosed slice. Formula composition, clinical-protocol internals, and RnD pipeline data are intentionally outside this public surface."
    }
  }
}