{
  "slug": "green-lipped-mussel",
  "name": "Green-Lipped Mussel (Perna canaliculus)",
  "alternate_names": [
    "Greenshell mussel",
    "Perna canaliculus",
    "New Zealand green-lipped mussel",
    "GLM",
    "Lyprinol® / PCSO-524 (standardized lipid extract)"
  ],
  "mechanism": [
    "COX-2 inhibition by ETA (eicosatetraenoic acid) + furan fatty acids (research context)",
    "5-LOX competitive substrate inhibition by ETA, reducing leukotriene (LTB4/LTC4) synthesis",
    "NF-κB nuclear translocation downregulation with reduced TNF-α / IL-1β / IL-6 in research models",
    "Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content providing cartilage-matrix structural substrate",
    "Marine Omega-3 lipid + trace-element antioxidant (ROS scavenging) activity"
  ],
  "target": [
    "COX-2",
    "5-LOX (ALOX5)",
    "NF-κB pathway",
    "IL-6 / TNF-α",
    "Joint synovial inflammation",
    "Cartilage GAG matrix"
  ],
  "use_case": [
    "joint comfort / mobility in osteoarthritis (research context)",
    "healthy inflammatory response (research context)",
    "post-exercise muscle recovery / DOMS attenuation (research context)",
    "airway inflammation / asthma adjunct (exploratory research context)",
    "canine joint health (veterinary research context)"
  ],
  "body_system": [
    "MUSCULO",
    "IMMUNE",
    "RESP",
    "CARDIO",
    "GUT",
    "SKIN"
  ],
  "evidence_tier": "A",
  "evidence_anchor_pmid_count": 4,
  "dosage_range": "Standardized lipid extract (Lyprinol® / PCSO-524) 150-300 mg/day in osteoarthritis research over 8-12 weeks; ~1200 mg/day (≈200 mg lipid fraction) in exercise-recovery research; freeze-dried whole-mussel powder 1000-3000 mg/day delivers an equivalent lipid load at a much higher gross dose. The supercritical-CO₂ lipid extract and the whole-mussel powder are NOT interchangeable on a mg basis. Educational reference, not a dosing recommendation.",
  "safety_notes": "Generally well tolerated; whole-mussel powder tolerated to 3000 mg/day over 12 weeks. Mild GI upset (nausea, bloating) in under 5% of subjects. HARD allergen rule: contains shellfish — absolutely contraindicated in shellfish-allergic individuals; severe (including fatal) anaphylaxis reported, so \"Contains Shellfish\" labeling is mandatory in all markets (FDA FALCPA, EU Reg 1169/2011, NMPA GB 7718-2011). Theoretical additive antiplatelet effect with anticoagulants (marine Omega-3); insufficient pregnancy/lactation safety data — consult a physician. Source quality matters: New Zealand MPI-regulated farming keeps heavy metals below FDA/EU limits (request supplier CoA). Educational, not medical advice.",
  "regulatory": {
    "fda": "Dietary supplement under DSHEA; structure/function claims only (joint health/mobility, healthy inflammatory response, post-exercise recovery). NDI notification history for Lyprinol®/PCSO-524 (Pharmalink, up to 300 mg/day lipid extract); whole-mussel powder marketed under pre-1994 Old Dietary Ingredient (ODI) basis. Mandatory 'Contains Shellfish' allergen labeling (FALCPA 2004). FDA disclaimer required on all S/F claims. No 'FDA approved' language permitted.",
    "efsa": "Food-supplement ingredient (NOT a Novel Food — pre-1997 EU food-use history). ZERO authorized health claims: EFSA did not establish a cause-effect relationship for joint health / mobility (high RCT heterogeneity). Sold lawfully as a food supplement in UK/DE/NL/FR. Mandatory shellfish-allergen labeling (Reg 1169/2011 Annex II).",
    "anvisa": "Not on the ANVISA dietary-supplement positive list (RDC 243/2018); GLM lipid extract would require the innovative-ingredient pathway (RDC 239/2018, ~12-24 month review). No authorized functional claim. Portuguese 'Contém moluscos' allergen labeling and a local regulatory representative required."
  },
  "authorized_claims": [],
  "ingredient_hub_url": "https://asxan.ai/ingredients/green-lipped-mussel/",
  "related_goal_slugs": [
    "joint-bone",
    "inflammation-relief"
  ],
  "related_lifestyle_slugs": [
    "senior-60-plus"
  ],
  "last_evidence_review": "2026-06-13",
  "schema_version": "nc-public-v0.2",
  "api_version": "nc-public-v0.3",
  "_meta": {
    "last_evidence_review": "2026-06-13",
    "ip_axes_disclosed": {
      "public_axes": [
        "mechanism",
        "target",
        "use_case",
        "body_system",
        "evidence_tier",
        "dosage_range",
        "safety_notes",
        "regulatory",
        "authorized_claims"
      ],
      "ip_axes_not_exposed": [
        "proprietary_formula_ratios",
        "clinical_protocol_internals",
        "rnd_pipeline_compounds",
        "supplier_specific_grade_specifications",
        "unpublished_endpoint_data"
      ],
      "rationale": "asxan.ai surfaces the educational, evidence-tier-disclosed slice. Formula composition, clinical-protocol internals, and RnD pipeline data are intentionally outside this public surface."
    }
  }
}