{
  "authorized_claims": [
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "Folate contributes to normal blood formation.",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "Reg 1924/2006 art 10(2) + Annex: claim may only be used for food which is at least a \"source of folate\""
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "Folate contributes to maternal tissue growth during pregnancy.",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "Reg 1924/2006 art 10(2) + Annex: claim may only be used for food which is at least a \"source of folate\" + the claim must be accompanied by information that a balanced and varied diet plus a healthy lifestyle is important"
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "Folate contributes to normal homocysteine metabolism.",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "Reg 1924/2006 art 10(2) + Annex: claim may only be used for food which is at least a \"source of folate\""
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Commission Reg 1135/2014 (Reg 1924/2006 Article 14(1)(a) reduction of disease risk authorization)",
      "claim_verbatim": "Supplemental folic acid intake increases maternal folate status. Low maternal folate status is a risk factor in the development of neural tube defects in the developing foetus.",
      "authorization_date": "2014",
      "conditions": "Commission Reg 1135/2014 implementing Reg 1924/2006 Article 14(1)(a): target population is women of childbearing age; daily supplemental intake of folic acid 400 µg for at least one month before and up to three months after conception"
    },
    {
      "market": "ANVISA",
      "framework_reference": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V alegação funcional",
      "claim_verbatim": "O ácido fólico auxilia na formação das células vermelhas do sangue.",
      "authorization_date": "2018",
      "conditions": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V: alegação restrita a suplementos cujo aporte diário do nutriente atenda à quantidade mínima do Anexo II (240 μg para adultos)"
    }
  ],
  "slug": "folate",
  "name": "Folate · Vitamin B9 (Folic Acid · 5-MTHF)",
  "alternate_names": [
    "Folic acid",
    "5-methyltetrahydrofolate",
    "5-MTHF",
    "Vitamin B9",
    "L-methylfolate calcium"
  ],
  "mechanism": [
    "One-carbon metabolism cofactor (DNA synthesis, methylation, amino acid metabolism)",
    "Co-cofactor with B12 in methionine synthase reaction",
    "Required for neural tube closure in early embryogenesis (closure window day 21-28 post-conception)"
  ],
  "target": [
    "Erythropoiesis",
    "Homocysteine metabolism",
    "Embryonic neural tube closure",
    "DNA synthesis in dividing cells"
  ],
  "use_case": [
    "periconceptional supplementation for neural tube defect prevention",
    "maternal nutrition in pregnancy",
    "megaloblastic anaemia adjunct (with B12 confirmed)",
    "homocysteine reduction"
  ],
  "body_system": [
    "BLOOD",
    "REPRODUCTIVE",
    "CARDIO"
  ],
  "evidence_tier": "A",
  "evidence_anchor_pmid_count": 2,
  "dosage_range": "400 μg/day periconceptional for first-occurrence NTD prevention (Czeizel 1992 PMID 1307234 NEJM RCT n = 4,156 multivitamin + 0.8 mg folic acid vs trace-element · 0 NTD vs 6 NTD); 4 mg/day for recurrence prevention in women with a prior NTD pregnancy (MRC Vitamin Study 1991 PMID 1677062 Lancet n = 1,195 completed pregnancies · 72% protective effect, RR 0.28, 95% CI 0.12-0.71); RDA 400 μg DFE for adults",
  "safety_notes": "Folate supplementation can mask the haematological signs of B12 deficiency while neuropathy progresses — measure or supplement B12 alongside folate in adults > 50 or with malabsorption risk; upper limit 1000 μg/day folic acid from fortified food + supplement (excluding food folate)",
  "regulatory": {
    "fda": "GRAS · DSHEA dietary supplement · 21 CFR 101.79 authorized health claim: folate + neural tube defect risk reduction (food + supplement label); 21 CFR 184.1492 folic acid food additive",
    "efsa": "Authorized claims Reg 432/2012 (blood formation, homocysteine, maternal tissue growth, etc.) + Commission Reg 1135/2014 implementing Reg 1924/2006 Article 14(1)(a) reduction of disease risk claim for periconceptional 400 µg folic acid lowering NTD risk; NRV 200 μg",
    "anvisa": "RDC 243/2018 dietary supplement · IN 28/2018 Anexo V alegação funcional verbatim: \"O ácido fólico auxilia na formação das células vermelhas do sangue.\" + additional homocysteine / cell division claims available when nutrient threshold met"
  },
  "ingredient_hub_url": "https://asxan.ai/ingredients/folate/",
  "related_goal_slugs": [
    "reproductive-health",
    "cognitive-support",
    "longevity-stack"
  ],
  "related_lifestyle_slugs": [
    "pregnancy",
    "plant-based"
  ],
  "last_evidence_review": "2026-06-04",
  "schema_version": "nc-public-v0.2",
  "api_version": "nc-public-v0.3",
  "_meta": {
    "last_evidence_review": "2026-06-04",
    "ip_axes_disclosed": {
      "public_axes": [
        "mechanism",
        "target",
        "use_case",
        "body_system",
        "evidence_tier",
        "dosage_range",
        "safety_notes",
        "regulatory",
        "authorized_claims"
      ],
      "ip_axes_not_exposed": [
        "proprietary_formula_ratios",
        "clinical_protocol_internals",
        "rnd_pipeline_compounds",
        "supplier_specific_grade_specifications",
        "unpublished_endpoint_data"
      ],
      "rationale": "asxan.ai surfaces the educational, evidence-tier-disclosed slice. Formula composition, clinical-protocol internals, and RnD pipeline data are intentionally outside this public surface."
    }
  }
}