{
  "authorized_claims": [
    {
      "market": "FDA",
      "framework_reference": "Self-affirmed GRAS (multiple GRN submissions including AlzChem Creapure GRN 144 · 2003) + DSHEA dietary supplement framework",
      "claim_verbatim": "Creatine monohydrate is Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) under specified conditions of use.",
      "authorization_date": "2003"
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "Creatine increases physical performance in successive bursts of short-term, high intensity exercise.",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "3 g/day · adult population doing high-intensity exercise"
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "Daily creatine consumption can enhance the effect of resistance training on muscle strength in adults over the age of 55.",
      "authorization_date": "2017",
      "conditions": "3 g/day creatine + resistance training"
    },
    {
      "market": "ANVISA",
      "framework_reference": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V alegação funcional",
      "claim_verbatim": "A creatina auxilia no aumento do desempenho físico durante exercícios repetidos de curta duração e alta intensidade.",
      "authorization_date": "2018",
      "conditions": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V: alegação restrita aos suplementos cuja quantidade de creatina atenda aos valores mínimos do Anexo III (≥ 3.000 mg/dia = ≥ 3 g/dia para adultos ≥ 19 anos · NA para outros grupos populacionais)"
    }
  ],
  "slug": "creatine",
  "name": "Creatine Monohydrate",
  "alternate_names": [
    "α-methyl guanidinoacetic acid",
    "Creatine monohydrate (Cr-H2O)",
    "Creapure"
  ],
  "mechanism": [
    "Phosphocreatine system ATP regeneration",
    "Muscle cell water retention (cell volumization)",
    "mTOR signaling potentiation",
    "Brain creatine pool augmentation"
  ],
  "target": [
    "Skeletal muscle phosphocreatine reserve",
    "Brain creatine kinase axis",
    "Mitochondrial bioenergetics"
  ],
  "use_case": [
    "athletic performance (resistance training)",
    "sarcopenia prevention (older adults)",
    "cognitive support (sleep deprivation · vegetarian baseline)"
  ],
  "body_system": [
    "MUSCULO",
    "METABOLISM",
    "CNS",
    "MITO"
  ],
  "evidence_tier": "A",
  "evidence_anchor_pmid_count": 67,
  "dosage_range": "3-5 g/day maintenance; optional 20 g/day × 5-7 day loading (4 × 5 g); higher dose (10 g/day) explored for cognitive endpoints",
  "safety_notes": "Most studied performance supplement; no harm in healthy kidneys (Kreider 2017 ISSN position); creatinine elevation is metabolite (not kidney injury marker in creatine users); hydration recommended",
  "regulatory": {
    "fda": "Self-affirmed GRAS (AlzChem Creapure · GRN 144 · 2003) · DSHEA dietary supplement framework",
    "efsa": "Authorized claim for creatine + increased physical performance in repeated short-term high-intensity exercise (3 g/day)",
    "anvisa": "RDC 243/2018 dietary supplement · IN 28/2018 Anexo V alegação funcional verbatim: \"A creatina auxilia no aumento do desempenho físico durante exercícios repetidos de curta duração e alta intensidade.\" (Anexo III ≥ 3.000 mg/dia adultos ≥ 19 anos)"
  },
  "ingredient_hub_url": "https://asxan.ai/ingredients/creatine/",
  "related_goal_slugs": [
    "athletic-performance",
    "longevity-stack",
    "cognitive-support"
  ],
  "related_lifestyle_slugs": [
    "athletic-performance",
    "senior-60-plus",
    "plant-based"
  ],
  "last_evidence_review": "2026-05-31",
  "schema_version": "nc-public-v0.1",
  "api_version": "nc-public-v0.3",
  "_meta": {
    "last_evidence_review": "2026-05-31",
    "ip_axes_disclosed": {
      "public_axes": [
        "mechanism",
        "target",
        "use_case",
        "body_system",
        "evidence_tier",
        "dosage_range",
        "safety_notes",
        "regulatory",
        "authorized_claims"
      ],
      "ip_axes_not_exposed": [
        "proprietary_formula_ratios",
        "clinical_protocol_internals",
        "rnd_pipeline_compounds",
        "supplier_specific_grade_specifications",
        "unpublished_endpoint_data"
      ],
      "rationale": "asxan.ai surfaces the educational, evidence-tier-disclosed slice. Formula composition, clinical-protocol internals, and RnD pipeline data are intentionally outside this public surface."
    }
  }
}