{
  "authorized_claims": [
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "Protein contributes to a growth in muscle mass.",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "Reg 1924/2006 art 10(2) + Annex: claim may only be used for food which is at least a \"source of protein\" — ≥ 12% of energy value provided by protein; \"high protein\" — ≥ 20% of energy value provided by protein"
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "Protein contributes to the maintenance of muscle mass.",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "Reg 1924/2006 art 10(2) + Annex: claim may only be used for food which is at least a \"source of protein\" — ≥ 12% of energy value provided by protein; \"high protein\" — ≥ 20% of energy value provided by protein"
    },
    {
      "market": "EFSA",
      "framework_reference": "Reg 432/2012",
      "claim_verbatim": "Protein contributes to the maintenance of normal bones.",
      "authorization_date": "2012",
      "conditions": "Reg 1924/2006 art 10(2) + Annex: claim may only be used for food which is at least a \"source of protein\" — ≥ 12% of energy value provided by protein; \"high protein\" — ≥ 20% of energy value provided by protein"
    },
    {
      "market": "ANVISA",
      "framework_reference": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V alegação funcional",
      "claim_verbatim": "As proteínas auxiliam na formação dos músculos e ossos.",
      "authorization_date": "2018",
      "conditions": "IN 28/2018 Anexo V: alegação restrita aos suplementos cuja: a) quantidade de proteína atenda aos valores mínimos do Anexo III (≥ 8,4 g/dia adultos ≥ 19 anos); b) quantidade de aminoácidos essenciais por grama de proteína atenda aos valores mínimos para a proteína de referência (Anexo VII)"
    }
  ],
  "slug": "casein",
  "name": "Casein (Micellar · Calcium Caseinate · Sodium Caseinate · Hydrolysate)",
  "alternate_names": [
    "Micellar casein",
    "Calcium caseinate",
    "Sodium caseinate",
    "Casein hydrolysate"
  ],
  "mechanism": [
    "Slow-digesting protein produces a prolonged plateau of moderate hyperaminoacidemia (Boirie 1997 PMID 9405716 dual-tracer)",
    "Sustained mTORC1 activation across the overnight window (Res 2012 PMID 22330017 presleep RCT)",
    "Reduced overnight muscle protein breakdown via continuous amino acid flux"
  ],
  "target": [
    "Skeletal muscle protein synthesis (overnight window)",
    "Net whole-body protein balance",
    "Pre-sleep nitrogen flux"
  ],
  "use_case": [
    "overnight muscle recovery",
    "pre-sleep supplementation",
    "sarcopenia prevention",
    "satiety / appetite management"
  ],
  "body_system": [
    "MUSCULO",
    "METABOLISM"
  ],
  "evidence_tier": "B",
  "evidence_anchor_pmid_count": 2,
  "dosage_range": "20-40 g pre-sleep (Res 2012 PMID 22330017 RCT n=16 young males · 40 g casein vs placebo · effectively digested overnight + stimulated MPS); daily protein 1.2-1.6 g/kg/day total covers casein cohort",
  "safety_notes": "Lactose may be present in non-purified concentrates; milk allergy is a contraindication; sodium-rich vs calcium-rich salt forms vary substantially — monitor sodium intake in hypertension when using sodium caseinate",
  "regulatory": {
    "fda": "GRAS · food ingredient (21 CFR 184.1553 sodium caseinate · 184.1554 calcium caseinate) · DSHEA dietary supplement",
    "efsa": "Authorized protein claims (Reg 432/2012) for muscle mass + bone maintenance available when food source provides ≥ 12% energy from protein",
    "anvisa": "RDC 243/2018 dietary supplement · IN 28/2018 Anexo V alegação funcional verbatim: \"As proteínas auxiliam na formação dos músculos e ossos.\" (Anexo III ≥ 8,4 g/dia adultos ≥ 19 anos · Anexo VII proteína de referência AAE/g)"
  },
  "ingredient_hub_url": "https://asxan.ai/ingredients/casein/",
  "related_goal_slugs": [
    "athletic-performance",
    "longevity-stack",
    "menopause-support",
    "weight-management"
  ],
  "related_lifestyle_slugs": [
    "athletic-performance",
    "senior-60-plus"
  ],
  "last_evidence_review": "2026-06-04",
  "schema_version": "nc-public-v0.2",
  "api_version": "nc-public-v0.3",
  "_meta": {
    "last_evidence_review": "2026-06-04",
    "ip_axes_disclosed": {
      "public_axes": [
        "mechanism",
        "target",
        "use_case",
        "body_system",
        "evidence_tier",
        "dosage_range",
        "safety_notes",
        "regulatory",
        "authorized_claims"
      ],
      "ip_axes_not_exposed": [
        "proprietary_formula_ratios",
        "clinical_protocol_internals",
        "rnd_pipeline_compounds",
        "supplier_specific_grade_specifications",
        "unpublished_endpoint_data"
      ],
      "rationale": "asxan.ai surfaces the educational, evidence-tier-disclosed slice. Formula composition, clinical-protocol internals, and RnD pipeline data are intentionally outside this public surface."
    }
  }
}